FRCR-RV-NOTES

“ Type Intra-lobar Extra-lobar Percentage 75% of cases 25% of cases Presentation Presents in adulthood with pain, infection and haemoptysis40-50% are associated with congenital anomalies  Presents in infancy with feeding difficulties, respiratory distress, cyanosis and heart failure Venous drainage Central drainage (‘intra’ = ‘central’ drainage) Systemic drainage via inferior vena cava, azygos or hemiazygos Arterial supply …

Imaging characteristics of intra- and extra-lobar sequestration [124] Read More »

“ Relatively uniform, mild airway dilatation with parallel bronchial walls. Most common and least severe. Causes include cystic fibrosis (pan-lobar), hypogammaglobulinaemia (lower lobe) and Japanese panbronchiolitis (pan-lobar). Plain film •  Tram-track appearance (en face dilated airways) or ring shadows (axial appearance of dilated airways) •  Bronchial wall thickening HRCT •  ‘ Signet ring’ sign describes the axial view …

CYLINDRICAL BRONCHIECTASIS Read More »

“ Atypical pneumonia caused by a coronavirus. The imaging features are non-specific and indicative of diffuse alveolar damage. About 20% require intensive therapy unit (ITU) treatment; overall mortality about 10%. PLAIN FILM •  May be normal initially, progressing to airspace opacification. CT •  Ground-glass opacification/consolidation initially affecting the lower zones (commonly bilateral), then becoming widespread …

“SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME” Read More »

“ The accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung. It is either due to increased fluid pressure (leading first to increased interstitial fluid, then to alveolar flooding) or to increased membrane permeability. PLAIN FILM •  Initially, there is vascular redistribution—‘upper lobe diversion’.•  Then, interstitial fluid and Kerley lines (Kerley A lines are 2-6 cm long, …

“PULMONARY OEDEMA” Read More »

“ Bronchial lumen assumes a beaded (‘string of pearls’) configuration with sequential dilatation and constriction. Causes include ABPA,Swyer- James syndrome.  Plain film •  Beaded airway dilatation with or without mucous impaction (‘finger in glove’). •  ABPA tends to affect the upper lobes. ” For Radiology Cases, Discussion join: Radiology Made Easy on Facebook  Subscribe to our …

VARICOSE BRONCHIECTASIS Read More »

Virus/non-tuberculous mycobacteria Immunological (e.g. lupus or rheumatoid arthritis) Tumour (e.g. lung or mesothelioma) or tuberculosis and Lymphoma For Radiology Cases, Discussion join: Radiology Made Easy on Facebook  Subscribe to our youtube channel for FRCR radiology case discussion  Join our Telegram group: Radiology Made Easy   

“ Divided into primary and secondary causes. Secondary pulmonary hypertension is due to either increased pulmonary blood flow (e.g. left to right shunt), decreased cross-sectional area of the pulmonary vasculature (e.g. pulmonary embolism) or increased resistance to pulmonary venous drainage (commonly due to left-sided heart disease). PLAIN FILM •  Look for an enlarged right descending …

“PULMONARY HYPERTENSION” Read More »