Discussion • Findings — Partially calcified cystic lesion— Midline posterior nasopharynx— Located between longus coli muscles • Differential — Tornwaldt cyst— Adenoid hyperplasia— Retention cyst— Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Tornwaldt cyst Benign cyst of notochord remnant Variable protein content->intermediate to high T1 signal High T2 signal Located between longus coli muscles in midline May demonstrate rim enhancemen
Discussion Findings – Large acute subdural hematoma– Subarachnoid hemorrhage– Uncal and subfalcine herniation– Lobular contrast collection Differential – Ruptured pseudoaneurysm, likely mycotic– Ruptured aneurysm– Arteriovenous malformation– Trauma– Nonaccidental trauma Ruptured pseudoaneurysm • Focally dilated arterial segment, not contained by all layers of the arterial wall• Causes– Trauma– Infection (endocarditis in this case)– …
female with unequal pupils, history of congenital heart disease and endocarditis Read More »
Discussion Findings — Anterior wedge compression fracture of T6 — Distraction fracture of posterior elements — Splenic laceration and hemoperitoneum Differential — Chance fracture — Burst fracture — Osteoporotic compression fracture — Pathologic compression fracture Chance fracture Flexion-distraction injury, seat-belt fracture Compression injury of anterior column Distraction injury of middle and posterior columns Usually occurs …
Discussion • Findings – Central pontine enhancing focus – No mass effect • Differential – Capillary telangiectasia – Developmental venous anomaly – Metastasis – Cavernous malformation Brain capillary telangiectasia • Cluster of enlarged capillaries with interspersed parenchyma • Enhancement without mass effect • 50% T2 hyperintense • Common locations -Pons -Cerebellum -Spinal cord
Discussion Findings – Globus Pallidus • CT hypodense • T2/DWI hyperintense Differential – Carbon monoxide poisoning – Wilson disease – Japanese encephalitis Acute carbon monoxide poisoning Anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy due to inhaled CO Carbon monoxide impairs hemoglobintransport of oxygen Infarct of globi pallidi Restricted diffusion in early/acuteexposure
Findings – Heterogeneous mass– IntrinsicT1 and lowT2 margin– Blooming artifact atGRE Differential – Cavernous malformation– Diffuse axonal injury– Arteriovenous malformation– Hemorrhagic neoplasm Cavernous Malformation Cavernous Malformation = cavernoma, cavernous angioma, cavernous hemangioma Benign sporadic or familial low pressure vascular lesion with bleeding propensity Locules of blood in different phases 50% have calcification show T2* GRE …
Findings – Central pontine enhancing focus– No mass effect Differential – Capillary telangiectasia– Developmental venous anomaly– Metastasis– Cavernous malformation Diagnosis: Brain capillary telangiectasia • Cluster of enlarged capillaries with interspersed parenchyma• Enhancement without mass effect• 50% T2 hyperintense• Common locations-Pons-Cerebellum-Spinal cord
[td_smart_list_end] Findings – Globus Pallidus• CT hypodense• T2/DWI hyperintense Differential – Carbon monoxide poisoning– Wilson disease– Japanese encephalitis Diagnosis: Acute carbon monoxide poisoning • Anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy due to inhaled CO• Carbon monoxide impairs hemoglobin transport of oxygen• Infarct of globi pallidi• Restricted diffusion in early/acute exposure